Keeping Your Camera Focused On A Jib Crane

Capturing a crane shot using a jib involves physically moving the camera up and down or side to side using a long arm extending from a tripod. This allows for higher and lower shots, as well as dynamic movements. Cinematographers can control jibs either mechanically or manually, and some jibs come with a remote control system. To keep the camera in focus on a jib crane, you can use a tripod head, which gives you more framing options, and a remote head, which can adjust pan, tilt, focus, and zoom settings.

Use a tripod head for a greater range of movement

Using a tripod head on your jib will give you a greater range of movement. While you can often get away with putting the camera directly on the jib itself, using a tripod head on the jib instead will allow you to pan or tilt the camera while you make your camera move, giving you many more framing options and enabling you to create an entirely different look.

The tripod head is usually filled with a viscous fluid that slows or dampens the action, thus providing smooth fluid camera movements. The head is controlled by a "pan arm", or a pan/tilt handle, that the operator uses to rotate or tilt the head. Adjustments and locks for the tilt and pan are located on the head. The head has a receiver on the top that receives the sliding plate, which is then connected to the crane (or camera or other devices). The head connects to the top of the tripod body by either a centre column or via a ball system, which is used to level the head.

It is important to note that in a crane-only environment, the ball system is not required and does not provide much value. This is because the head is balanced via the tripod legs rather than a levelling head. The ball can become loose due to the torque placed on it, and it is preferable for the crane not to slip. Therefore, a flat head on a column is usually a better solution for crane-only applications.

When choosing a tripod, it is crucial to select one that is stable and sturdy enough to support the weight of your camera and crane system. Additionally, consider the weight requirements of your tripod by understanding the weight of the crane, camera, counterweight, and any other devices attached to the crane.

By using a tripod head with your jib crane, you will have more flexibility in framing your shots and creating dynamic camera movements.

Use a remote to adjust the camera's focus

Using a remote to adjust the camera's focus is a common method to keep the camera in focus when using a jib crane. This is because the camera operator is unable to look through the camera's viewfinder when the camera is mounted on the jib. Therefore, a remote control system is often used to adjust the focus, zoom, and other functions while the camera is in the air.

Jib cranes typically come with a remote control system, which includes a video monitor mounted next to the operator. This allows the operator to see what the camera is capturing and make any necessary adjustments. The remote control system provides a convenient way to adjust the camera's settings without having to move the crane itself, making it easier for the operator to capture the desired shots.

Additionally, larger and higher-budget jibs may use remote heads, which can support the camera and adjust the pan, tilt, focus, and zoom settings. These remote heads offer even more flexibility and control over the camera's movement and settings.

It is worth noting that some jibs may also offer mechanical or manual control options. However, the remote control option is a popular choice due to its convenience and ability to make adjustments while the camera is in the air.

By utilising the remote control function of a jib crane, operators can effectively keep the camera in focus and capture dynamic and creative shots that enhance the visual interest and emotional impact of their films or videos.

Use a foreground element to accentuate the motion of the camera

Using a foreground element is a great way to accentuate the motion of the camera on a jib crane. Here are some tips on how to use foreground elements effectively to enhance your visuals and engage your viewers:

Create Depth and Interest

Foreground elements are an excellent way to add depth to your visuals. By introducing elements such as a person, an animal, or an object in the foreground, you can break up a flat space and create a sense of dimension. This technique helps guide the viewer's eye, providing a sense of scale and depth.

Provide Context and Narrative

Foreground elements are not just visual accents; they are storytellers within the frame. They can provide context to your visuals, indicating where a character is, who they are, or how their environment is affecting them. For example, including extras in the foreground of a subway scene can convey a sense of a busy subway train while also tying into themes of isolation and loneliness.

Frame Within a Frame

Foreground elements can be used to create a "frame within a frame" composition, a technique that narrows the viewer's focus to a specific character or point. This not only creates beautiful visuals but also serves the story by directing attention where it needs to be.

Leading Lines

Look for leading lines in your setting and incorporate them into your foreground. These could be lines from fences, streets, or power lines in an urban environment. Leading lines help add depth to your visuals while also directing the viewer's gaze to the subject.

Experiment with Focus

Play with focus to make your foreground elements stand out. Use a wide aperture to keep the foreground elements sharp while creating a bokeh effect in the background. This contrast will direct the viewer's attention to the texture and detail of the foreground elements.

Choose the Right Lens

The lens you choose will impact the amount of foreground you can include in your shot. Wide-angle lenses capture more foreground elements due to their wider angle of view. Telephoto lenses, on the other hand, have a narrower angle of view, allowing you to capture less foreground.

Manage Exposure

Ensure that your foreground, midground, and background elements are adequately exposed. Understand your camera settings and consider using filters or exposure bracketing techniques to manage exposure, especially in landscape shots.

Control Contrast

Control the contrast in your visuals by playing with textures, colours, lighting, and shadows. A green hilly midground with a cloudy red sunset creates amazing contrast, drawing the viewer into the image.

Rule of Thirds

While not a hard-and-fast rule, the rule of thirds can help you compose your shots effectively. Divide your image into three equal sections on both the horizontal and vertical axes. Place your foreground elements on these points of interest to create a well-balanced and appealing composition.

By incorporating these techniques, you can use foreground elements to accentuate the motion of the camera on a jib crane, creating visually stunning and engaging visuals that enhance the story you want to tell.

Use two people to operate the jib

Using two people to operate the jib is a great way to ensure smooth and efficient camera movements. Here's a detailed guide on how to effectively use a two-person team for operating a jib crane:

Positioning and Roles:

• The first person should stand behind or to the side of the jib crane, responsible for controlling the weight bar and managing the elevation of the camera. This person will primarily execute the "boom" move, adjusting the camera's height by raising or lowering the weight bar.
• The second person should be positioned at the tripod, handling the pan/tilt controls. Their role involves panning the camera left or right and tilting it up or down, independent of the boom movement. This operator will be in charge of the "swing" and "tilt" moves.

Communication and Coordination:

• Effective communication between the two operators is essential. Before starting, ensure both individuals understand the desired shot and the specific movements required.
• During operation, clear and concise communication ensures smooth transitions and prevents accidental movements that could disrupt the framing.
• The two operators should work in tandem, coordinating their movements to achieve the desired effect. For example, when performing a "boom from high to low" move, the first operator raises the weight bar while the second operator loosens the tilt lock slightly and makes minor adjustments to keep the subject in frame.

Practicing Moves:

• It is beneficial to practice various moves and combinations to master the use of the jib crane. Experiment with different heights, tilting angles, and panoramic swings to get a feel for the equipment and develop a smooth flow.
• Try moves such as "boom from low to high," "swing with a tilt," or "move up and move away." These moves will help you understand the dynamics of the jib and improve your coordination as a team.

Additional Considerations:

• Depending on the specific jib crane model, there may be additional features or controls to manage, such as zoom, focus, and iris settings. Ensure both operators are familiar with all the functions of the jib crane.
• Always prioritize safety when operating the jib crane. Be mindful of the surroundings to avoid collisions, especially when swinging the crane or adjusting its height.
• Regular maintenance and proper care for the jib crane will ensure its longevity and smooth operation. Refer to the manufacturer's guidelines for specific care instructions.

By following these guidelines and practicing their coordination, the two-person team can effectively operate the jib crane, capturing dynamic and emotionally impactful shots for their film or video production.

Try more complex moves, like swinging the jib arm while raising or lowering the boom

Once you've mastered the basic jib crane moves, you can try something more complex, like swinging the jib arm while raising or lowering the boom. This is a tricky move to get right, as it only looks good if both movements finish at the same time. If one movement finishes before the other, it can ruin the shot. To get this right, you need to make a diagonal movement and mark out a start and endpoint in your head. One way to do this is to have two people operating the jib crane. One person can focus on the monitor, while the other concentrates purely on the swing, making sure that the start and endpoints are reached at the same time.

Before attempting this move, make sure you have chosen your location carefully and practised the shot. Jibs are time-consuming to set up, so you don't want to waste time on a shot that doesn't work. Practise the move a few times to make sure you can nail it. It is also worth noting that wider jib shots tend to look more dramatic, and you should use a foreground element to accentuate the motion of the camera.

Frequently asked questions